An FSH test is important for diagnosing conditions related to abnormal levels of follicle-stimulating hormone. The need for this test can vary based on age and sex.

For women, an FSH test may be required if:

• You are struggling to conceive after trying for 12 months.

• Your menstrual cycles are irregular or have stopped.

• You are aged 45 years or older, as high FSH levels can indicate perimenopause or menopause. However, testing may still be needed if you experience symptoms of early menopause or a decline in sexual desire.

For men, the test can help if:

• You and your partner have not been able to get pregnant after trying for a year.

• You notice a decreased interest in sexual activity.

• You have a low sperm count or experience loss of muscle mass and body hair.

Both men and women may need an FSH test if the doctor suspects a pituitary disorder, which can influence fertility and sexual desire, or if children and teenagers show signs of early or delayed puberty.

Normal FSH levels differ based on sex and menstrual cycle phases.

Men: Normal FSH levels range from 1.55 to 9.74 mIU/mL.

Women:

• Follicular Phase (Days 1 to 13): 1.98 to 11.6 mIU/mL

• Mid-cycle Peak (Around Day 14): 5.14 to 23.4 mIU/mL

• Luteal Phase (Days 15 to 28): 1.38 to 9.58 mIU/mL

• Post-Menopause: 21.5 to 131 mIU/mL

Increased FSH levels may suggest menopause or primary ovarian insufficiency in women, meaning the ovaries are not working properly. In men, high FSH may indicate primary hypogonadism, where the body does not produce enough testosterone.

On the other hand, decreased FSH levels may indicate primary ovarian dysfunction in women or primary hypogonadism in men. Additionally, women with conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may also show low FSH levels. Monitoring FSH is crucial for understanding reproductive health and diagnosing fertility issues.